Asphalt binder testing is a critical step in the pavement design process. The asphalt binder is a sticky, black, and viscous liquid that serves as the glue that holds the aggregates in an asphalt pavement together. Asphalt binder testing is classified into two types: empirical testing and performance testing.
Empirical testing involves using standardised laboratory tests to assess the mechanical and physical properties of the asphalt binder. These tests are based on a series of empirical models that relate the binder's physical properties to its field performance. Penetration, viscosity, ductility, and softening point tests are examples of common empirical tests. These tests are quick and simple to carry out and provide a basic characterization of the binder's properties.